Healthcare, Transportation, and Agriculture are some applications of the Internet of Things. However, our primary concern is about security, privacy and data storage.
IoT(internet of things) is the connection of various components with the internet. These objects can communicate with each other, like data sharing and retrieving, etc.
Rapid changes in technology makes it important for tech students to have some basic skills for IoT. Research claims that by 2030, the IOT economic impact could reach approximately US$12 trillion, or 12% of global economic value, and by 2035 the IOT will influence nearly the whole economy.
Necessary skills for IoT professionals.
1. Networking Concepts
As IoT is
Most basic concept in networking is Network topology and its layout. Different ways from which we establish connection with devices like Wifi, Bluetooth work on particular Network topology.
The second important thing is IP addressing public and private. One should know how IP is given to device, version of IP address. Computers use numbers (IP addresses ) but people use Domain name because it is easy to remember.
Also the OSI model and TCP/IP model are very useful in IoT. Different layers and work of different layers in each model. Each layer in these models has different protocols which we use in IoT. eg. MQTT, CoAP, AMQP, HTTP, SSL, DTLS, HTTPS, etc.
2. Interfacing Techniques
In IoT fundamental thing is sensor, these sensors have different types of interfacings.
- USB (Universal Serial Bus) most commonly used in plug and play devices.
- I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) used for A/D and D/A converters, I/O interfaces, etc which are low-speed devices.
- SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) has full-duplex communication in microcontrollers.
- GPIO (General-purpose input/output) most used interfacing with sensors, modules, diodes, displays.
These are modern IoT interfacing techniques required for every IoT professional.
3. Security Skills
IoT is concerned with data security, in today’s time we use the cloud for keeping data of sensors. All devices data is also on the server so there can be the various server or cloud-side vulnerabilities.
Some basic information skills every professionals. As Botnet attacks, Industrial espionage, hijacking of IoT device, data integrity are some of issues in security field of IoT.
If someone possesses cryptographic techniques, it will help you in
4. Data Management
Data management skill, one of the most crucial for using and managing information. It is an administrative process that process, validate and store data.
Understanding database design concepts like table structure; one-to-many relationships. Understanding the benefits and limits of various types of databases.
Data Integrity, Being aware of potential weaknesses in the data when analyzing and using the data. How to use database software to find records, sorting, reviewing, editing and other functionalities. Know how to use reports and built-in forms in a database.
5. Cloud Computing skills
As various devices are interconnected using internet, more data is there to handle. Cloud is best and reliable data platform for storage, As it reduces cost and can be easily accessible.
Cloud computing and IoT go well together. The cloud has allowed IoT devices to store the produced data without having to waste space on physical servers. One should have some experience or must have worked with Cloud Migration and Deployment within Multi-Cloud Environments.
Professional should consider gaining knowledge across multiple cloud platforms, especially AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, As various companies are running on these platforms only.
6. Hardware Programming skills
We are slowly getting real potential of IoT in day to day life. Today we use Smart watches, Google Home Voice, Amazon Echo, Smart light switch, etc.
Most used programming languages are C/C++, JavaScript, Python, Swift, PHP. More the hands-on experience on these languages more IoT will get simpler. Language used in Arduino for programming is relatable to C language, and most commonly used Raspberry pi can be programmed using Python.
As we have to deal with server data you should also have some experience in JavaScript and PHP.
7. UI/UX Designing Skills
UX/UI design are two different elements of the consumer experience. UX is related to user experience, which focuses on how people interact with it. UI or user interface is related look and layout.
The ability to solve problems with the user to understand what he needs is also important. For UX/UI design you should understand Html, CSS, Javascript, PHP, Bootstrap, Angular2, etc
8. Business Intelligence
Business intelligence or BI is making raw data meaningful and useful information using different technologies, methods and processes.
One should have sound knowledge of Time Series Data and analysis using this data. Recommended to have experience in the software of business intelligence for modeling, transforming and visualizing data.
Various Business Intelligence Software Tools are Power BI, Zoho Analytics, Grow, SAP BI, Sisense, Looker, etc. If you want to get a good position so grab these tools and work on business intelligence. This will make you capable of making data understandable users.
9. Teamwork
IoT system is very difficult to build alone, as it takes time and lots of efforts, so teamwork is necessary, so this is most important IoT skill required.
In IoT teamwork is the recipe of success. various team members in IoT system building can be embedded systems designer, back-end developer, front-end developer, and a product manager.
More skilled the members of team are more will be probability of project success. It is very important for an individual to coordinate accordingly with every other member in the group or team.
