ARP poisoning is a technique used by hackers to intercept and manipulate data that is being sent between two hosts on a network. This technique can be used to redirect traffic, steal information and perform other malicious actions.
ARP poisoning attacks are based on the principle of exploiting the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to poison the ARP cache of a victim host. The attacker sends out an unsolicited ARP reply with their own MAC address as the sender, which tells any device on the network that they are now at the other end of communication with that device, even though they are not.
ARP Poisoning in Action
ARP poisoning is a technique used to disrupt the communication between two hosts on a network. It can be used to launch denial-of-service attacks, eavesdropping, or to bypass network security.
ARP poisoning is a type of attack that exploits the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and its lack of protection against certain forms of spoofing. ARP spoofing is when a device sends out fake ARP messages to trick other devices on the network into thinking they are talking to someone else.
The most common type of attack that uses ARP poisoning is called “Man in the Middle”, which allows an attacker to monitor and even alter data passing between two parties without either one knowing about it.
Execution of ARP Spoofing and Poisoning Attack
- Attackers need to access the network, so they scan it to find IP addresses of at least two devices—like that of a computer and a router.
- Attackers can use advanced tools, such as Arpspoof, to forge ARP responses.
- The forged responses to the other computer’s requests advertise that the correct MAC address for both IP addresses, belonging to the router and workstation, is the attacker’s MAC address. This fools both router and workstation to connect to the attacker’s machine instead of connecting in a normal way.
- Two devices that are on the same network update their cache of ARP entry, and then communicate with the attacker instead of with another device.
- The attacker is now secretly in the middle of all communications and attacker can pretend to be both sides of network.
Command to check ARP record table:
arp-a
How to Detect Whether Your Network has Been Brute-Forced by ARP Poisoning
ARP poisoning is a type of attack in which an attacker sends ARP messages to a local area network with the intent of associating their computer with IP addresses that they want to target. The goal is to intercept traffic going to and from those IP addresses, typically for malicious purposes.
The following are warning signs of a man in the middle attack on your network:
– Your wireless connection drops intermittently
– You notice unusual traffic on your home router’s web interface
– You see new devices that are not recognized by Windows or other operating systems
– You notice that you’re receiving error messages when trying to reach popular websites
Best Practices for Securing Your Router Against ARP Attacks
- Usage of static ARP – Making a static ARP entry lets you choose what devices will listen when they monitor ARP responses. This is perfect for when a device always connects to the same router.
- Packet filters – Packet filtering stops packets containing conflicting data before they reach your devices.
- Use of VPN) – a VPN, when activated, lets all communications be encrypted. This makes it impossible for a person with an ARP spoofing attack to decrypt your data in transit
- Run a Vulnerability assessment – try testing your existing defenses by launching a spoofing attack, in coordination with IT and security teams. If the attack succeeds, identify weaknesses in your defenses, and try to fix them.
A router security software is a software that helps in securing your router against ARP attacks. With the help of this software, you can protect your network from various cyber threats.
The best practice for securing your router against ARP attacks is to always keep it updated with the latest firmware and patches.
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